《佛说阿弥陀佛四十八大愿》讲记

课程名称：《佛说阿弥陀佛四十八大愿》讲记，2005年10月讲于新加坡佛教居士林。

缘起

第一国中无三恶道愿：

设我得佛，国有地狱、饿鬼、畜生者，不取正觉。 
1.The vow to eliminate the three evil realms: If, when I attain Buddhahood, there should be in my land a hell, a realm of hungry spirits or a realm of animals, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第1大愿

第二不复更生恶道愿：

设我得佛，国中天人寿终之后，复更三恶道者，不取正觉。 
2.The vow of no more births in the three evil realms: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should after this life fall again into the three evil realms, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第2大愿

第三各得真金色身愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，不悉真金色者，不取正觉。

3.The vow of everybody possessing the same color of pure gold: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not all be in the color of pure gold, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第3大愿 

第四形色无有好丑愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，形色不同，有好丑者，不取正觉。 
4.The vow of everybody acquiring the same appearance of no difference in beauty: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not all be of one appearance with no difference in beauty, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第4大愿 

第五生者皆得宿命愿：

设我得佛，国中天人,不识宿命，下至知百千亿那由他诸劫事者，不取正觉。 
5.The vow of recollecting the previous lives: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not remember all their previous lives, not knowing at least the events occurred during the previous hundred thousand of nayutas of kotis of kalpas, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第5大愿

第六皆得天眼彻视愿：

设我得佛，国中天人,不得天眼，下至见百千亿那由他诸佛国者，不取正觉。
6.The vow of possessing the divine eye: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not possess the divine eye of seeing at least a hundred thousand nayutas of kotis of Buddha-lands, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第6大愿

第七皆得天耳彻听愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，不得天耳，下至闻百千亿那由他诸佛所说，不悉受持者，不取正觉。 
7.The vow of possessing the divine ear: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not possess the divine ear of hearing the teachings of at least a hundred thousand nayutas of kotis of Buddhas and should not remember and abide by all of them, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第7大愿 

第八皆得知他心念愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，不得见他心智，下至知百千亿那由他诸佛国中众生心念者，不取正觉。 
8.The vow of possessing the faculty of reading others' minds: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not possess the faculty of reading others' minds, at least those of all sentient beings in a hundred thousand nayutas of kotis of Buddha-lands, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第8大愿 

第九皆得神足飞行愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，不得神足，于一念顷，下至不能超过百千亿那由他诸佛国者，不取正觉。
9.The vow of possessing the divine feet: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not possess the divine feet that enable them to, in one instant, travel at least beyond a hundred thousand nayutas of kotis of Buddha-lands, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第9大愿

第十不起贪计身见愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，若起想念贪计身者，不取正觉。 
10.   The vow of not forming the idea of self attachment: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should give rise to thoughts of self-attachment, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第十一正定必至涅槃愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，不住定聚，必至灭度者，不取正觉。 
11.  The vow of being firmly established in the Absolute Truth and ultimately reaching Mahaparinirvana: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not dwell in the Definitely Assured State of Absolute Truth and unfailingly reach Mahaparinirvana, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第11大愿

第十二光明遍照十方愿：

设我得佛，光明有限量，下至不照百千亿那由他诸佛国者，不取正觉。 
12.  The vow of illuminating the ten quarters: If, when I attain Buddhahood, my light should be limited, unable to illuminate at least a hundred thousand nayutas of kotis of Buddha-lands, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第12大愿

第十三寿命同佛永久愿：

设我得佛，寿命有限量，下至百千亿那由他劫者，不取正觉。
13.  The vow of having endless life: If, when I attain Buddhahood, my life-span should be limited, even to the extent of a hundred thousand nayutas of kotis of kalpas, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第13大愿

第十四声闻广多无量愿：

设我得佛，国中声闻，有能计量，乃至三千大千世界众生悉成缘觉，于百千劫悉共计校，知其数者，不取正觉。 
14.  The vow of having numerous shravakas: If, when I attain Buddhahood, the number of shravakas in my land could be even counted together by all the beings in the three millions of spheres of worlds after becoming pratyekabuddhas during a hundred thousand kalpas, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第14大愿

第十五寿命修短随意愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，寿命无能限量，除其本愿，修短自在。若不尔者，不取正觉。 
15.  The vow of having a life span at one's own wish: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should have limited life-spans, except when they wish to shorten them in accordance with their original vows, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第15大愿 

第十六国中无不善名愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，乃至闻有不善名者，不取正觉。 
16. The vow of not hearing the name of wrongdoing: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should even hear the name of sin, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第16大愿 

第十七诸佛称名赞叹愿：

设我得佛，十方世界无量诸佛，不悉咨嗟称我名者，不取正觉。 
17.   The vow of all Buddhas preaching my fame and proclaiming my praise: If, when I attain Buddhahood, innumerable Buddhas in the lands of the ten quarters should not all praise and glorify My Name together, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第十八十念皆生我国愿：

设我得佛，十方众生，至心信乐，欲生我国，乃至十念，若不生者，不取正觉。唯除五逆，诽谤正法。 
18. The vow of ensuring all sentient beings to be born in the Buddha country of mine after saying ten prayers to My Name: If, when I attain Buddhahood, sentient beings in the lands of the ten quarters who entrust themselves to me with absolute faith and joy, desire to be born in my land, and pray to My Name, even for just ten times, should not be born there, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment. Excluded, however, are those who commit the five gravest offences and abuse the right Dharma.

第18大愿

第十九勤修我皆接引愿：

设我得佛，十方众生，发菩提心，修诸功德，至心发愿，欲生我国，临寿终时，假令不与大众围绕现其人前者，不取正觉。 
19.  The vow of guiding all, at their dying bed, who have earnestly practiced the Dharma: If, when I attain Buddhahood, sentient beings in the lands of the ten quarters, who awaken aspiration for Enlightenment, do various meritorious deeds and wholeheartedly desire to be born in my land, should not, at the end of their present lives, see me appear before them surrounded by a multitude of sages, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第19大愿

第二十系念必得往生愿：

设我得佛，十方众生，闻我名号，系念我国，植众德本，至心回向，欲生我国，不果遂者，不取正觉。 
20.  The vow of receiving all those who have the focused desire to be born in my Buddha-land: If, when I attain Buddhahood, sentient beings in the lands of the ten quarters who, having heard My Name, concentrate their thoughts on my land, plant roots of virtue, and most sincerely direct their merits towards my land with a desire to be born there, should not eventually fulfill their aspiration, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第20大愿

第二十一各具三十二相愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，不悉成满三十二大人相者，不取正觉。 
21.   The vow of having the 32 physical characteristics of a Great Saint: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not all be endowed with the thirty-two physical characteristics of a Great Saint, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第二十二菩萨一生补处愿：

设我得佛，他方佛土诸菩萨众，来生我国，究竟必至一生补处。除其本愿自在所化，为众生故，被弘誓铠，积累德本，度脱一切，游诸佛国，修菩萨行，供养十方诸佛如来，开化恒沙无量众生，使立无上正真之道，超出常伦诸地之行，现前修习普贤之德。若不尔者，不取正觉。 
22. The vow of reaching Buddhahood after one more life: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in the Buddha-lands of other quarters who are born in my land should not ultimately and unfailingly reach the Stage of Becoming a Buddha after One More Life, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment. Excepted are those who wish to teach and guide sentient beings to honor their original vows. For they wear the armor of great vows, accumulate merits, deliver all beings from birth-and-death, visit Buddha-lands to perform the bodhisattva practices, make offerings to Buddhas, Tathagatas throughout the ten quarters, enlighten uncountable sentient beings as numerous as the sands of the River Ganges, and establish them in the right practice for the highest, perfect Enlightenment. Such bodhisattvas transcend the course of practice of the ordinary bodhisattvas, manifest the practices of all the bodhisattva stages, and cultivate the virtues of Samantabhadra.

第22大愿

第二十三一时普供诸佛愿：

设我得佛，国中菩萨，乘佛神力，供养诸佛，一食之顷，不能遍至无量无数亿那由他诸佛国者，不取正觉。
23.  The vow of simultaneously making offerings to all Buddhas: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in my land, in order to make offerings to Buddhas through my transcendent power, should not be able to reach immeasurable and innumerable nayutas of kotis of Buddha-lands in as short a time as a morning meal, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第二十四供具自皆如意愿：

设我得佛，国中菩萨，在诸佛前，现其德本，诸所求欲供养之具，若不如意者，不取正觉。 
24.   The vow of providing the offerings of one's own choice: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in my land should not, as they wish, be able to perform meritorious acts of worshipping the Buddhas with the offerings of their own choices, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第二十五菩萨演一切智愿：

设我得佛，国中菩萨，不能演说一切智者，不取正觉。 
25.The vow of bodhisattvas lecturing with the all-knowing wisdom: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in my land should not be able to expound the Dharma with the all-knowing wisdom, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第25大愿

第二十六菩萨得金刚身愿：

设我得佛，国中菩萨，不得金刚那罗延身者，不取正觉。 
26.   The vow of bodhisattvas having the body of the Vajra-god Narayana: If, when I attain Buddhahood, there should be any bodhisattva in my land not endowed with the body of the Vajra-god Narayana, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第26大愿

第二十七愿万物悉皆殊特愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，一切万物，严净光丽，形色殊特，穷微极妙，无能称量。其诸众生，乃至逮得天眼，有能明了，辨其名数者，不取正觉。 
27.The vow of everything being sublime: If, when I attain Buddhahood, sentient beings should, even with the divine eye, be able to distinguish by name, articulate by number all the myriads of manifestations provided for the heavenly beings and all other things in my land, which are glorious and resplendent and have exquisite details beyond description, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第27大愿

第二十八愿菩萨道树普见愿：

设我得佛，国中菩萨，乃至少功德者，不能知见其道场树无量光色，高四百万里者，不取正觉。 
28.The vow of all seeing the Bodhi-Tree: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in my land, even those with very little stock of merit, should not be able to see the Bodhi-tree of countless colors and of four million li in height, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第28大愿

第二十九愿受经普得智辩愿：

设我得佛，国中菩萨，若受读经法，讽诵持说，而不得辩才智慧者，不取正觉。 
29.   The vow of all having eloquence and wisdom in preaching the sutras: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in my land should not acquire eloquence and wisdom in upholding sutras and reciting and expounding and practicing them, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第29大愿

第三十智辩无有限量愿：

设我得佛，国中菩萨，智慧辩才，若可限量者，不取正觉。 
30.   The vow of having unlimited wisdom and eloquence: If, when I attain Buddhahood, the wisdom and eloquence of bodhisattvas in my land should be limited, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第30大愿

第三十一净国照见十方愿：

设我得佛，国土清净，皆悉照见十方一切无量无数不可思议诸佛世界，犹如明镜，睹其面像。若不尔者，不取正觉。
31.   The vow of my pure Buddha-land revealing the ten quarters: If, when I attain Buddhahood, my land should not be resplendent, revealing in its light all the immeasurable, innumerable and inconceivable Buddha-lands in the ten quarters, like images in a clear mirror, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第三十二严饰超诸天人愿：

设我得佛，自地以上，至于虚空，宫殿楼观，池流华树，国中所有一切万物，皆以无量杂宝百千种香而共合成。严饰奇妙，超诸天人。其香普熏十方世界，菩萨闻者，皆修佛行。若不如是，不取正觉。
32.   The vow of having supreme manifestations superior to those of all gods: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the myriads of manifestations in my land, from the ground to the sky, such as palaces, pavilions, ponds, streams and trees, should not be composed of both countless treasures, which surpass in supreme excellence anything in the worlds of the gods, and of a hundred thousand kinds of incense, whose fragrance pervades all the worlds of the ten quarters, causing all bodhisattvas who sense it to perform Buddhist practices, then may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第32大愿

第三十三蒙光触身获益愿：

设我得佛，十方无量不可思议诸佛世界众生之类，蒙我光明触其身者，身心柔软，超过天人。若不尔者，不取正觉。
33.   The vow of enjoying peace and joy when touched by my light: If, when I attain Buddhahood, sentient beings in immeasurable and inconceivable Buddha-lands of the ten quarters, who are touched by my light, should not feel peace and happiness in their bodies and minds surpassing those of the gods, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第33大愿

第三十四皆得法忍总持愿：

设我得佛，十方无量不可思议诸佛世界众生之类，闻我名字，不得菩萨无生法忍，诸深总持者，不取正觉。 
34.   The vow of acquiring the Bodhisattva's insight into the non-arising of all Dharmas and obtaining various profound Dharanis: If, when I attain Buddhahood, sentient beings in immeasurable and inconceivable Buddha-lands of the ten quarters, who have heard My Name, should not gain the bodhisattva's insight into the non-arising of all Dharmas and should not acquire various profound Dharanis, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第34大愿

第三十五信乐永离女身愿：

设我得佛，十方无量不可思议诸佛世界，其有女人，闻我名字，欢喜信乐，发菩提心，厌恶女身。寿终之后，复为女像者，不取正觉。 
35.   The vow of no more births as women at their own wishes out of faith and joy in My Name: If, when I attain Buddhahood, women in immeasurable and inconceivable Buddha-lands of the ten quarters who, having heard My Name, rejoice in faith, awaken aspiration for Enlightenment and wish to renounce womanhood, should after death be reborn as women, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第三十六勤修必成佛道愿：

设我得佛，十方无量不可思议诸佛世界诸菩萨众，闻我名字，寿终之后，常修梵行，至成佛道。若不尔者，不取正觉。
36.   The vow of practicing Buddhism till Buddhahood: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in immeasurable and inconceivable Buddha-lands of the ten quarters, who, having heard My Name, should not, after ending their present lives, go on performing Buddhist practices until reaching Buddhahood, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第三十七归依感动天人愿：

设我得佛，十方无量不可思议诸佛世界诸天人民，闻我名字，五体投地，稽首作礼，欢喜信乐，修菩萨行。诸天世人，莫不致敬。若不尔者，不取正觉。 
37.The vow of gods and humans being converted to me and touching all gods and people: If, when I attain Buddhahood, humans and gods in immeasurable and inconceivable Buddha-lands of the ten quarters, who, having heard My Name, should not prostrate themselves on the ground to revere and worship me, rejoice in faith, perform bodhisattva practices, and be respected by all gods and people of all the worlds, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第37大愿

第三十八妙服自然在身愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，欲得衣服，随念即至，如佛所赞应法妙服，自然在身，有求裁缝捣染浣濯者，不取正觉。 
38.   The vow of wearing beautiful dress as one wishes: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not obtain clothing the moment the idea arises, and if the fine robes as prescribed and praised by the Buddhas should not be spontaneously provided for them, and if these clothes should need sewing, bleaching, dyeing or washing, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第38大愿

第三十九受乐同于漏尽愿：

设我得佛，国中天人，所受快乐，不如漏尽比丘者，不取正觉。 
39.丂The vow of being happy like a Bhikkhu free of all pains, worries and passions: If, when I attain Buddhahood, all the heavenly beings in my land should not enjoy happiness and pleasure as that of a monk who has exhausted all passions, pains and worries, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第四十随意见诸佛国愿：

设我得佛，国中菩萨，随意欲见十方无量严净佛土，应时如愿，于宝树中，皆悉照见。犹如明镜，睹其面像。若不尔者，不取正觉。 
40.   The vow of seeing all Buddha lands out of one's wish: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in my land who wish to see the immeasurable glorious Buddha-lands of the ten quarters, should not be able to instantly view all of them reflected in the jeweled trees, like seeing one's face in a clear mirror, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第40大愿

第四十一闻名诸根具足愿：

设我得佛，他方国土诸菩萨众，闻我名字，至于得佛，诸根缺陋不具足者，不取正觉。
41.   The vow of having complete sense organs after hearing My Name: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in the lands of other quarters who, after hearing My Name and before becoming Buddhas, should have impaired, inferior or incomplete sense organs, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第41大愿

第四十二悉得清净解脱愿：

设我得佛，他方国土诸菩萨众，闻我名字，皆悉逮得清净解脱三昧。住是三昧，一发意顷，供养无量不可思议诸佛世尊，而不失定意。若不尔者，不取正觉。 
42.   The vow of all achieving the pure emancipation: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in the lands of other quarters who hear My Name should not all attain the pure emancipation Samadhi, in which they dwell and make offerings in one instant to immeasurable and inconceivable Buddhas, World-Honored Ones without losing concentration, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第四十三闻名生处尊贵愿：

设我得佛，他方国土诸菩萨众，闻我名字，寿终之后，生尊贵家。若不尔者，不取正觉。 
43.   The vow of being reborn into noble families after hearing My Name: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in the lands of other quarters who hear My Name should not be reborn into noble families after their present lives, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第43大愿

第四十四修行具足德本愿：

设我得佛，他方国土诸菩萨众，闻我名字，欢喜踊跃，修菩萨行，具足德本。若不尔者，不取正觉。
44.The vow of practicing Bodhisattva virtues with sufficient merit: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in the lands of other quarters who hear My Name should not rejoice so greatly as to dance and perform the bodhisattva practices and acquire stores of merit, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第四十五皆得三昧见佛愿：

设我得佛，他方国土诸菩萨众，闻我名字，皆悉逮得普等三昧，住是三昧，至于成佛，常见无量不可思议一切诸佛。若不尔者，不取正觉。 
45.   The vow of all Bodhisattvas attaining Samadhi and always seeing all Buddhas: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in the lands of other quarters who hear My Name should not all attain the 'universal equality' Samadhi in which they dwell and always see all the immeasurable and inconceivable Tathagatas until achieving Buddhahood, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第45大愿

第四十六自然得闻妙法愿：

设我得佛，国中菩萨，随其志愿所欲闻法，自然得闻。若不尔者，不取正觉。
46.   The vow of instantly hearing the Dharma as one wishes: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in my land should not be able to spontaneously hear whatever teachings they may wish for, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第46大愿

第四十七即得不退转地愿：

设我得佛，他方国土诸菩萨众，闻我名字，不即得至不退转者，不取正觉。
47.  The vow of instantly reaching the stage of Non-retrogression: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in the lands of other quarters who hear My Name should not instantly reach the Stage of Non-retrogression, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.

第四十八即得诸忍究竟愿：

设我得佛，他方国土诸菩萨众，闻我名字，不即得至第一忍，第二第三法忍，于诸佛法，不能即得不退转者，不取正觉。 
48.  The vow of instantly obtaining the first, second, third insights into the Dharma and thus reaching the state of Non-retrogression: If, when I attain Buddhahood, bodhisattvas in the lands of other quarters who hear My Name should not instantly gain the first, second and third insights into the nature of the Dharma and firmly abide in all the Dharmas realized by all the Buddhas, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment."